Cochlear Implant Atlas
CI Atlas · Audiological Evaluation · Module 18

18Putting the battery together

A pile of test results is not a diagnosis. The skill the whole chapter has been building toward is synthesis: taking the audiogram, the masked thresholds, the air–bone gap, the speech scores, the tympanogram and reflexes, the emissions and the evoked potentials, and fitting them into a single picture that hangs together. When it does, the type, degree, configuration and site of the loss fall out, and so does a quieter but vital judgement — that the result is valid. When it does not, the disagreement points to the next step rather than to a number to be accepted. Each site of lesion leaves a recognisable fingerprint across the battery, and learning to read those fingerprints at a glance is what turns a technician into a diagnostician. This closing module assembles the toolkit and hands its conclusions to the candidacy decision.

FOne consistent picture

A complete evaluation synthesises the audiogram, masked thresholds, the air–bone gap, speech audiometry, immittance/reflexes, OAEs and evoked potentials into one internally consistent picture, applying the cross-check principle throughout. Discrepancies drive the next step — re-test, add a cross-check, or reinterpret — rather than accepting any single number.[1976]

Assemble the results into a diagnosis

FindingsNo air–bone gap · Type A tympanogram · Reflexes ABSENT · OAEs PRESENT · ABR absent / grossly abnormal · Poor word recognition

A complete evaluation is a synthesis: the audiogram, masked thresholds, the air–bone gap, speech scores, immittance, reflexes, OAEs and evoked potentials must form one internally consistent picture. Reading them together — applying the cross-check principle — yields the type, degree, configuration and site of the loss, and confirms the result is valid. Those are exactly the inputs the candidacy decision then needs. Schematic.

TThe classic fingerprints

The recognisable patterns: conductive (gap + absent ipsilateral reflex + flat tympanogram); cochlear (no gap, recruitment, OAEs absent past ~35 dB, reflexes elevated); retrocochlear (rollover, reflex decay, prolonged ABR I–V); and auditory neuropathy (present OAE/CM with absent neural ABR and absent reflexes).

Five fingerprints, side by side — the whole chapter in one grid

A–B gapTympReflexOAEABRRolloverConductiveCochlearRetrocochlearANSDNon-organic
  • normal/present
  • abnormal
  • absent/marked

Laid side by side, the patterns are unmistakable. Conductive = gap + flat tympanogram + absent reflex, cochlea intact. Cochlear = no gap, OAEs gone, reflexes elevated. Retrocochlear = normal cochlear signs but neural failure (rollover, reflex/ABR abnormal). ANSD = present OAE with absent neural responses. Non-organic = everything objective normal despite the complaint. Recognising the fingerprint is the diagnosis — the destination of the whole battery. Schematic.

CAdult & paediatric streams

The two streams differ in emphasis. The adult stream leans on masked pure tones, recorded speech at 60 dBA, immittance, and evoked potentials only where validity is doubtful. The paediatric stream is built on ABR/ASSR plus developmentally appropriate behavioural and parent-report measures — but both rest on the same cross-check logic.[2020]

TThe hand-off to candidacy

The battery yields the type, degree, configuration and site of the loss, the validity of the result, and the aided-audibility picture — exactly the inputs a candidacy decision needs. The toolkit measures hearing; the next chapter applies it — best-aided sentence testing, the 60/60 rule, regulatory device cutoffs and the multidisciplinary judgement that the implant will beat the best aids (Chapter 11). Fixed protocols, interlist-equivalent materials and calibrated equipment make the results trackable across sessions and ready to feed outcome monitoring.

Combine the cross-checks → localise the lesion

Cochlea (more severe sensory loss)
WhyAbsent emissions and elevated reflexes fit a more severe cochlear loss.

The battery's real output is not a single number but a site of lesion, read from the pattern across tests. An air–bone gap places the problem in the outer or middle ear; with no gap, OAEs and acoustic reflexes separate sensory (cochlear) from neural loss — present OAEs with absent reflexes and neural responses is the auditory-neuropathy fingerprint; and rollover or reflex decay flags a retrocochlear lesion needing imaging. Assembling the cross-checks into one consistent picture is the whole point of the chapter — and the input the candidacy decision relies on. Schematic.

Case 10.18 · Reading the fingerprint
Results: no air–bone gap, Type A tympanogram, elevated reflexes, OAEs absent above 35 dB, recruitment on loudness growth, no rollover.

What is the site of lesion?

Self-assessment — Module 182 questions
Question 1 · Trainee

Which fingerprint indicates a cochlear sensorineural loss?

Question 2 · Clinician

What does the assembled battery hand to the candidacy decision?

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