Cochlear Implant Atlas
CI Atlas · Devices & Electrode Arrays · Module 04

4The Nucleus Family Tree: From CI22 to CI600

The Cochlear Nucleus line is the original multichannel implant and the world's most-implanted, born from Graeme Clark's Melbourne work. This module decodes its receiver-stimulator lineage, the parallel processor generations, and the elegant model-number convention in which one digit names the platform and another names the array.

TClark's Melbourne lineage

Nucleus descends from Clark's University of Melbourne multichannel device, commercialised via Telectronics/Cochlear Ltd (Australia). The Nucleus 22 was the first multichannel CI to gain FDA approval — for adults in 1985 and children in 1990 — and Cochlear is now the world's largest CI manufacturer (cross-ref Ch.1 History).[2020]

CTwenty-two contacts

The defining architectural choice is 22 intracochlear contacts, retained across every generation from CI22M to today (versus MED-EL 12 and Advanced Bionics 16). The extracochlear references are MP1 (a ball electrode under temporalis muscle) and MP2 (a plate on the titanium case); monopolar mode uses MP1+2.[1982]

Build the model code

CI532blue = platform · green = array
CI532Profile platform with the Slim Modiolar (perimodiolar).

Nucleus model numbers encode platform (the receiver-stimulator generation) and array in the same code — e.g. the Profile platform with a Slim Modiolar array is a CI532, with a Slim Straight a CI522, with Contour Advance a CI512. Reading the digits tells you both the internal electronics and which electrode is inside, which matters for MRI rules, processor compatibility and re-implantation. Schematic; codes illustrative of the convention.

TThe receiver-stimulator line

The receiver-stimulator lineage runs CI22M → CI24M → CI24R (Contour) → CI24RE (Freedom, US release April 2005) → CI500 series (Profile, e.g. CI512) → CI600 series (Profile Plus, CI612/CI622/CI632). The CI24M added Neural Response Telemetry; the Profile case is described as about 2.5× stronger than the Freedom case.[2008]

CThe model-number code

The model-number suffix names the array: on the Profile platform CI512 = Contour Advance, CI522 = Slim Straight, CI532 = Slim Modiolar; the CI600/Profile Plus renames these CI612/CI622/CI632. The carrier-frequency change (2.5 MHz on CI22M to 5 MHz on all later implants) is encoded in coil compatibility.[2014]

TThe processor lineage

Processors form a parallel lineage: WSP/MSP/Spectra (Nucleus 22 era) → Freedom → Nucleus 5 (CP810) → Nucleus 6 (CP910/CP920) → Nucleus 7 (CP1000, FDA summer 2017, first made-for-iPhone CI processor, 7.9 g) → Nucleus 8 (CP1110); Kanso and Kanso 2 are the off-the-ear single-unit options.

CReliability and MRI

Reliability and MRI: over 170,000 Nucleus Freedom implants were placed with a 99.0% cumulative survival at 12 years; Freedom/Profile support MRI at 3.0 T with the magnet surgically removed and 1.5 T with the magnet in place and a head bandage, while newer Slim Modiolar platforms increasingly allow scanning without magnet removal (verify current labeling).

The Nucleus lineage, 1985→2017

1985199020052012201320162017Freedom + Contour Advance
2005 · Freedom + Contour AdvanceThe Freedom system with the Contour Advance perimodiolar array and the Advance-Off-Stylet insertion.

The Nucleus family shows how one manufacturer's line evolved on two tracks at once — implants (Nucleus 22 → Freedom → Profile/Profile Plus) and arrays (banded straight → Contour Advance perimodiolar → Slim Straight lateral-wall → Hybrid → Slim Modiolar) — alongside ever-smaller processors. A newer processor often runs on an unchanged internal device, which is why the timeline's two tracks move semi-independently (cross-ref Ch.1 History). Schematic; dates illustrative.

Case 13.4 · Reading a model number
A report lists the patient's device as a 'CI532'.

What does that tell you?

Self-assessment — Module 42 questions
Question 1

How many intracochlear contacts has every Nucleus generation carried?

Question 2

In the Nucleus naming convention, what does the model number encode?

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